O capitalismo pós-industrial

Abstract

O capitalismo pós-industrial teve duas causas históricas. De um lado, o advento da era da informática, com a progressiva superação da economia industrial pela de serviços. Conjunturalmente, o pós-industrialismo foi desencadeado pela crise mundial do petróleo em 1973. Dois movimentos mundiais interligados passaram a caracterizar o capitalismo pósindustrial: o neoliberalismo e a chamada globalização. Eles alteraram as relações de poder no plano internacional e engendraram o predomínio mundial do capitalismo de tipo financeiro e especulativo, no qual a ausência de controles desencadeou, em 2008, a grande crise econômico- financeira, cujos efeitos perduram até hoje.

Le capitalisme post-industriel a eu deux causes historiques. D’une part, l’avènement de l’ère informatique, avec le dépassement progressif de l’économie industrielle par celle des services. Conjoncturellement, le post-industrialisme fût déclenché par la crise mondiale du pétrole, en 1973. Deux mouvements mondiaux interconnectés ont commencé à caractériser le capitalisme post- -industriel: le néolibéralisme et la dénommée globalisation. Ils ont modifié les relations de pouvoir sur le plan international et ont engendré la prédominance mondiale du capitalisme de type financier et spéculatif, dans lequel l’absence de contrôles a déclenché, en 2008, la grande crise économique et financière, dont les effets perdurent jusqu’à aujourd’hui.

Post-industrial capitalism had two historical causes. On the one hand, the advent of the computerised era, with the industrial economy being gradually taken over by that of services. In contextual terms, post industrialism was triggered by the global oil crisis in 1973. Two interconnected global movements characterised post-industrial capitalism: neoliberalism and the socalled globalisation. They changed power relations on the international stage and devised the global prevalence of financial and speculativetype capitalism, which uncontrolled triggered in 2008 the great economic and financial crisis, the effects of which continue to this day.