Ruido de sables en la aurora republicana (1911-1912)

Abstract

La insurgencia monárquica, liderada desde España por Couceiro en los años 1911 y 1912, precisaba para imponerse de complicidades militares en el país. Aunque, llegado el momento, las incursiones couceiristas no provocaron los levantamientos militares previstos, la documentación utilizada sugiere que existía una acaso amplia, aunque difusa, red de compromisos que por diversas razones - entre las cuales, la contundente acción preventiva y represiva republicana sobre los cuarteles y en la sociedad - no llegaron a concretarse en actos de abierta insurgencia. Ahora bien, esas soterradas tendencias revoltosas no eran estrictamente favorables a la Monarquía como tampoco específicamente hostiles a la República. El problema del régimen no movilizaba al ejército; el del sistema, en crisis desde finales del XIX, sí. La República, ahondando el conflicto interno, potenció el ruido de sables que, tras varios ensayos fracasados (1915,1917-18), acabaría imponiendo su sinfonía autoritaria en Portugal.

The monarchic insurgency, led from Spain by Couceiro in 1911 and 1912, required military accomplices within the country in order to be triumphant. However, when the moment arrived, the "Couceiristic" incursions did not cause the military uprisings they were expected to. The documentation used suggests that there existed a broad, although scattered, network of commitments that for several reasons - among which the preventive and repressive forceful action over the military headquarters and society - never came to produce acts of open insurgency. Those hidden rebellious trends were not strictly favourable to the Monarchy, nor were they specifically hostile towards the Republic. The problem of the regime did not mobilize the army, however, the problem of the system, under crisis since the end of the nineteenth century, did. The Republic, deepening the internal conflict, potentiated the sound of the swords which, after several failed trials (1915,1917-18), would eventually impose their authoritarian symphony in Portugal.