Do jogo natural ao jugo social: o Discurso sobre a origem e os fundamentos da desigualdade entre os homens de J.-J. Rousseau

Abstract

In this article the A. analyses the Rousseaunian conception of historicity discerning three fundamental stages: the state of pure nature, the state of nature and the juridical-political state. The state of pure nature is the paradigm at the basis of the methodological strategy of Jean Jacques Rousseau. From this paradigmatic world, Jean-Jacques organizes the state of nature, which culminates in the paradisiacal-natural society. The arising of history, with the end of the natural state and the begining of social opression is set on motion by a fatal hazard. This leads to the reversal of the accident and to the Fall of humanity in historical time, i.e., the juridical-political state which is based upon private property and social division of work.